Understand Italy's Liberalized Market
Italy's collective management used to be a SIAE monopoly. Following the EU CRM Directive, the market opened up — SIAE (the traditional, full-service society) now competes with Soundreef/LEA (a for-profit alternative).
You mandate one organization to manage a given set of rights. SIAE has by far the widest licensing reach (broadcast, live, public spaces, private events); Soundreef appeals to modern songwriters who want lower-cost, digital-first administration.
Choosing the wrong society — or accidentally mandating both for the same rights — creates conflicts that freeze payments. Decide deliberately before you register works.
Assuming SIAE is still mandatory. It is not — but it remains the default for most Italian creators because of its broad licensing infrastructure.